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Modern surgery has developed to such an extent that the body
of knowledge and technical skills required have led to surgeons specialising in
particular areas, usually an anatomical area of the body or occasionally in a
particular technique or type of patient.
There are ten surgical specialties and this briefing covers
orthopaedic surgery.
What does orthopaedic surgery cover?
Orthopaedic surgery is a specialty dealing with acute
injuries, congenital and acquired disorders and chronic arthritic or overuse
conditions of the bones, joints and their associated soft tissues, including
ligaments, nerves and muscles.
Most consultants work alongside general surgeons in
emergency trauma dealing with bony and soft tissue injuries admitted through
their local A & E Departments. The vast majority also have a specialist
interest in a particular orthopaedic condition including the following:
- Joint reconstruction
- Particular anatomical region (eg arm)
- Spine (alongside neurosurgeons)
- Bone tumour surgery
- Rheumatoid surgery
- Sport surgery
- Complex trauma surgery
- Paediatric orthopaedics require different fracture treatment due to growing bones and corrective treatment for childhood deformities.
Main operations
Among the main procedures undertaken by orthopaedic surgeons
are:
Joint arthoscopy – a minimally invasive technique which
involves inserting probes into the joint to diagnose and repair damaged joint
tissue (eg to torn ligaments or floating cartilage).
Fracture repair – a whole series of techniques are used
depending on type, severity and location of fracture to ensure that bones are
stable, heal correctly and patient retains function. This can include permanent
pins and plates, immobilization, use of external pinning and frames.
Arthroplasty – the replacement of whole joints, usually due
to osteo- and rheumatoid arthritis. Hip and knee replacements are the most
common operations. General repair procedures on damaged muscle or tendon.
Corrective surgery – procedures aimed at correcting problems
of anatomical alignment which either limit function or would cause long-term
problems if left. Developments
Work into new joint replacement techniques include
resurfacing of the hip and shoulder, which leaves patients with much more of
their original bone than a total replacement. There is also work into different
materials for replacements (including metals, plastics and ceramics).
Biological repair is an area of much research, such as
cartilage transplantation or using material grown from stem cells to replace
damaged joint tissue (eg tendons and ligament).
Computer-aided navigation enables 3D mapping of a joint and
enables greater accuracy for incisions – more research is needed to see if this
results in significant improvements for patients.
For more information, medical assessment and medical quote send your detailed medical history and medical reports, as email attachment to:
Email:- care@surgerytoursindia.com
Call: +91-888 292 1234 | +91- 973 000 1540
Visit:- http://www.surgerytoursindia.com/orthopedics-surgery/
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